Life Style

Application for a PhD position: These Documents are Important

Published

1 year ago

June 24, 2022

sylvia J

What is important when applying for a doctorate depends heavily on the type of doctoral position. In any case, you should know the basic standards.

The way to a doctorate can be quite different:

Classic individual doctorate, possibly even at the faculty where you have already completed your studies. Or another university or research institute.
Structured doctorate at a graduate college or graduate school or via a doctoral course
PhD positions in the private sector

The requirements for applying for a doctorate are as diverse as the possibilities. In the most convenient case, you know the doctoral supervisor from your studies, have already written your thesis with him/her, your doctorate is only the next logical step and the application is a mere formality. But even with an individual doctorate, this is by no means always the case. In the case of doctoral programs at universities, on the other hand, there are usually standardized application procedures.

Given this variety, it is therefore difficult to give specific, general information for a promising application. Basically, however:

Submit complete application documents.
Make sure your cover letter is error-free.

Sounds obvious, but it isn’t. Incomplete documents are a common reason for applications being sorted out straight away.

The first step is therefore to obtain precise information from the doctoral body about the formal requirements for the application – and to submit all the documents in one go. If you apply by e-mail, this means: Ideally, your complete application documents are attached in a PDF file. If there are size limits for file attachments that are exceeded, your documents must be divided into meaningful individual files. This can be, for example, outsourcing the often quite extensive exposé to a separate file. It is absolutely necessary to avoid sending your documents in several separate e-mails.

Which Documents are Required?

Cover letter, curriculum vitae, and references are standards. In addition, a letter of motivation and references, as well as a summary of your thesis, may be required. In most cases, however, the synopsis of the dissertation project is the central element when applying for a doctoral position. Unless you are applying for a specified doctoral project, the scope of which has already been determined. Such doctoral projects are not uncommon, especially in the natural sciences.

The Standards: Cover Letter, CV, and References

Roughly the same rules apply to the cover letter as to applications in business: You declare your interest in the position and explain what added value the doctoral provider would have from you as a doctoral student. When it comes to specific job advertisements, the main thing is to establish a connection between the job profile and your qualifications and experience. You have to explain convincingly why you should get the job. Standardized cover letters rarely work. You should tailor each cover letter specifically to the position.

If possible, avoid anonymous salutations with “Dear Sir or Madam”, but research who your contact person is.

The curriculum vitae is usually required in tabular form. List all relevant stations in your career to date in a clear and concise manner. Which data is relevant also depends in part on the desired doctoral position. In business, different experiences are weighted more than in graduate schools and colleges. More on this in the Differences in the application section. As a rule, your school career before the highest school-leaving certificate is not relevant.

Information about your studies, awards, and scholarships received, professional experience and internships as well as previous publications are important. Overall, there should be a common thread running through your CV. Ideally, your CV should prove that you meet the requirements specified in the respective doctoral degree regulations, such as a first-class examination or initial research experience on the subject. Therefore, compare it with the formal requirements.

Only attach certificates for the qualifications mentioned in the CV.

Additional Documents: References and Letter of Motivation

In some advertisements, you are asked to enclose a letter of recommendation or an expert opinion from a lecturer with the letter of application. Good referees are the supervisors of your thesis. However, references from other professors whose focus corresponds to that of the desired doctoral position can also be useful.

Letters of motivation often play an important role, especially in applications for doctoral positions at graduate schools. They are sometimes also required for doctoral positions in business and university doctoral programs. This is about explicitly emphasizing what drives you, where your research interests lie and why you want to do a doctorate in this project.

The letter of motivation gives you the opportunity to sharpen your profile by going into the qualifications mentioned in more detail than in the cover letter or CV. It also offers you the opportunity to give your application a personal touch and – if necessary – to explain any breaks in your CV. You can find specific tips in the academics guide “The letter of motivation when applying to a graduate school”

Differences in Applying to Colleges, Graduate Programs, and Companies

As a general rule, practical experience is given much more importance in business applications than in the university sector. In colleges and graduate schools, grades and your previous academic achievements are of great importance. You should take this into account when preparing your documents. For decision-makers in companies, technically relevant part-time jobs during your studies can be more important than an honors exam or an extensive list of publications. Therefore, when applying to business, you can do without going into more detail when listing academic achievements and successes. This is primarily about results and the practical use of your work.

For applications in the university sector, however, you should describe your previous academic achievements in detail. In any case, this includes the specification of grades and a list of all publications. Special awards, such as prizes for smaller research projects or outstanding academic achievements, should also be mentioned. In the case of cited works, such as the master’s thesis, a brief outline of the content can be useful. Teaching experience can also be an important factor here, but it hardly plays a role in graduate schools and companies.

At graduate schools and colleges, on the other hand, the topic of the dissertation itself can be a decisive factor in the success of your application. This must fit the program of the respective institution. In view of the funding, a high level of motivation and perseverance is important for graduate schools. As a rule, they attach importance to the fact that doctoral candidates also personally fit well into existing research groups and are actively involved there. Therefore, great importance is often attached to the letter of motivation.

In the End

Have trouble creating a strong applicational suite for yourself? In that case, you can always entrust this task to professionals at a research proposal writing service. They will work with your documents and create an impressive applicational suite for you.

Life Style

The Role of Estate Planning in Wealth Management

Published

5 days ago

September 20, 2023

sylvia J

The Role of Estate Planning in Wealth Management

Are you looking for a way to ensure that your hard-earned wealth stays in the family and is properly managed? Estate planning can be an important part of any successful wealth management strategy. By taking proactive steps, you can protect yourself and your loved ones from unnecessary taxes, legal fees, and other financial obstacles.

In this article, we’ll discuss the key components of estate planning and how it can help you manage your wealth. We’ll also discuss some common misconceptions about estate planning, as well as the best practices for successful estate planning.

Understanding Estate Planning

Estate planning is the process of organizing your financial and legal affairs so that your assets are managed following your wishes upon death or disability. Estate planning typically involves creating a will, setting up trusts, and other strategies to ensure that your loved ones are taken care of after you pass away.

Estate planning can help you protect yourself and your family financially, by ensuring that your assets are managed responsibly and distributed appropriately. It can also help you minimize taxes and legal fees associated with the transfer of assets.

Common Misconceptions About Estate Planning

One common misconception about estate planning is that it’s only for wealthy individuals. In reality, estate planning is beneficial to anyone who owns property or has financial obligations.

Another misconception is that estate planning is too complicated or expensive. While it’s true that the process can be complex, there are several options available to make estate planning more affordable and easier to understand.

Aside from these misconceptions, many people don’t realize that estate planning is an ongoing process. As your life and financial situation change, it’s important to update your estate plan accordingly.

Best Practices for Successful Estate Planning

To ensure successful estate planning, it’s important to work with qualified professionals who have experience in the field. Estate planners in Southlake can provide valuable advice and help you create a plan that meets your needs.

It’s also important to keep estate planning documents up-to-date, especially if there have been any major changes in your life such as marriage, divorce, or the birth of a child. The last thing you want is for your loved ones to be left with outdated documents that don’t reflect your wishes.

Finally, it’s important to communicate your plans to your family and make sure that they are aware of the process and any changes that may have been made. This will help ensure that everyone understands what’s expected and that all steps taken are by your wishes.

Why You Should Consider Estate Planning

Estate planning can be a difficult and emotionally charged process, but it’s an important one. Taking the time to plan for your family’s future can provide peace of mind in knowing that you’ve done everything possible to ensure their financial stability.

Preserving your wealth and protecting your loved ones is essential, and estate planning can help you do that. The right plan can help you save money on taxes, minimize legal fees, and ensure that your assets are managed responsibly.

Finally, estate planning allows you to make sure that your wishes are honored after you’re gone. Making sure that all of your financial and legal affairs are in order will assure you that your family is taken care of for decades to come.

Now that you understand the importance of estate planning, it’s time to get started. Contact an estate planning attorney today to discuss your options and create a plan that meets your needs. With their help, you can make sure that your wealth is managed responsibly so that your loved ones are taken care of when you’re no longer here.

Life Style

7 Shocking Reasons you Should be Serious about Saving Water

Published

4 weeks ago

August 28, 2023

sylvia J

7 Shocking Reasons you Should be Serious about Saving Water

They say, “Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.” Water is life’s matrix, mother and medium. But, everyone neglects its importance until the concern of scarcity arises.

Some noticeable global patterns are increasing the concern over water shortage. Therefore, taking tiny and individual steps towards saving water is important. Keep reading to know more about seven shocking reasons you should be serious about saving water.

1. Wastewater Pollutes and Increases Demand for Freshwater

Wastewater is the product of agricultural, industrial, and domestic household practices released in nature. This acidic unfit water travels through the ground, farmland and water bodies, creating extensive environmental pollution.

For example, 80% of the world’s wastewater returns to the environment. Therefore, you must treat water from your house and commercial spaces with the help of reliable services like Calcamite’s wastewater treatment plants. This makes water e-used for irrigation or other non-potable applications. This helps you save used water in different forms that are not polluting. Hence, it puts less stress on water needs.

2. Limited Water Sources

Did you know only around 2.5% of all water on Earth is freshwater? The water source may be many, but this is what is available. With the increase in the global population, the need is more than what we are using. Therefore, saving water through innovation and methods is necessary.

3. Groundwater Depletion

The increased water demand due to the increasing population and other commercial needs stresses the groundwater. Humans are extracting groundwater more rapidly and thus giving it less time to renew. Moreover, groundwater is like a reserve bank which should be maintained at all costs.

4. Save Energy by Saving Water

The water you use travels through many cleaning processes, pipes and other things. Keeping track of the water you use and keeping it to a minimum reduces your carbon footprint. This saves the environment indirectly. Also, it saves water and the energy required to supply you with water.

5. Agricultural Demands

Did you know all the agricultural processes use 70% of the water from the available freshwater? It’s even more than the industrial sector. Therefore, saving water is the need of the hour. Treating water for agricultural use and adopting water-minimising techniques is important.

6. Water is Essential for Supporting Other Species

Do you know many diverse species rely on water bodies in one way or another? For example, butterflies pull valuable minerals from muddy water. Also, river dolphins and some fish species need freshwater to survive. If we pollute and deplete water, these species will become endangered. So to live in harmony, water conservation is important.

7. Water is Finite

Many people believe that, like all-natural cycles on Earth, the water cycle is continuous, and water will never get scarce. Yes, there is an ongoing water cycle, but when the need is more than its production, it will create a huge gap.

According to studies, 97.2% of water is saltwater in oceans. Out of total freshwater, 2.38% is locked in glaciers. There is 0.3% of freshwater, which around 7 billion people use.

So, saving water at personal and large levels is important for the continuous water cycle and its renewal. Start with tiny steps at home to build a healthy future.

Life Style

How To Experience New Fragrances & Pick The Right One For You

Published

2 months ago

August 3, 2023

sylvia J

Are you tired of wearing the same old fragrance every day? Do you want to explore new scents that reflect your personality? In this article, we will guide you through the world of fragrances, help you experience new scents, and ultimately choose the perfect fragrance for you.

By understanding the history of perfumery, different types of fragrances, and fragrance notes, you can embark on an olfactory journey and discover new scents in the best way possible. Let’s get into it!

Understanding the World of Fragrances

Perfumery has a rich history that dates back centuries. From ancient civilizations to modern times, fragrances have played a pivotal role in enhancing our sense of smell and identity. The history of perfumery is fascinating and offers a glimpse into the evolution of scents.

Let’s delve deeper into the captivating world of fragrances. Did you know that the art of perfumery originated in ancient Egypt? The Egyptians believed that scents had the power to connect with the divine and used fragrances in religious rituals and burial ceremonies. They were skilled in extracting essential oils from flowers, herbs, and spices, creating unique and exotic scents that were highly coveted.

As centuries passed, perfumery spread to other civilizations, including the Greeks and Romans. The Greeks were known for their love of aromatic oils and used perfumes as a form of personal adornment. The Romans, on the other hand, saw perfumes as a symbol of luxury and status. They even had dedicated perfume factories where skilled artisans crafted exquisite fragrances.

Fast forward to the Middle Ages, and perfumery took on a new dimension. During this time, fragrances were primarily used to mask unpleasant odors, as bathing was not a common practice. Perfumers created potent blends of spices and resins, known as “pomanders,” which were carried or worn to ward off foul smells.

It wasn’t until the Renaissance that perfumery regained its status as an art form. Perfumers began experimenting with new ingredients and techniques, resulting in the creation of complex and sophisticated fragrances. The royal courts of Europe became patrons of perfumers, commissioning bespoke scents that reflected their wealth and power.

Today, the world of fragrances offers a vast array of options to suit every individual’s preferences. When exploring this olfactory realm, it’s important to understand the different types available. There are various categories, including eau de parfum, eau de toilette, and eau de cologne. Each type has its own concentration of perfume oils, which affects how long the scent lasts.

For those seeking a long-lasting scent, eau de parfum is an excellent choice. It contains a higher concentration of perfume oils, typically ranging from 15% to 20%. This concentration ensures that the fragrance lingers on the skin for an extended period, allowing you to enjoy its captivating aroma throughout the day.

Eau de toilette, on the other hand, has a lower concentration of perfume oils, usually ranging from 5% to 15%. This makes it a lighter and more refreshing option, perfect for everyday wear or warmer climates. It provides a subtle fragrance that gently envelops the wearer, creating a pleasant and uplifting experience.

Eau de cologne, often associated with citrusy scents, has the lowest concentration of perfume oils, typically ranging from 2% to 4%. It is known for its invigorating and revitalizing properties, making it an ideal choice for a quick pick-me-up. Eau de cologne is perfect for those who prefer a more subtle and refreshing fragrance.

To fully appreciate fragrances, it’s essential to grasp the concept of fragrance notes. Fragrance notes refer to the different scents that you can detect when wearing a fragrance. They are typically categorized into top, middle, and base notes, with each note creating a unique olfactory experience.

The top notes are the initial scents that you smell when applying a fragrance. They are usually light and refreshing, designed to capture your attention and create a memorable first impression. Common top notes include citrus fruits, herbs, and aromatic spices.

As the top notes fade, the middle notes, also known as heart notes, emerge. These scents are the heart and soul of a fragrance, providing depth and complexity. Middle notes often consist of floral, fruity, or spicy elements that add character and balance to the overall composition.

Finally, we have the base notes, which are the foundation of a fragrance. They are the scents that linger the longest, forming the lasting impression of a perfume. Base notes are typically rich, warm, and sensual, with ingredients such as woods, musk, and vanilla being commonly used.

Understanding fragrance notes will allow you to better appreciate the complexity of a fragrance. It’s like unraveling a symphony of scents, where each note contributes to a harmonious and captivating composition.

So the next time you explore the world of fragrances, take a moment to appreciate the rich history behind perfumery and the intricate artistry involved in creating captivating scents. Whether you prefer a bold and long-lasting fragrance or a subtle and refreshing aroma, there is a fragrance out there that will resonate with your individuality and enhance your olfactory journey.

How to Experience New Fragrances

Experiencing new fragrances is an exciting journey that can be approached in various ways. First and foremost, you need to know where to find new fragrances. Perfume boutiques, department stores, and specialty fragrance shops are great places to start your olfactory exploration. These establishments offer a wide array of scents, from classic favorites to niche and artisanal creations.

Perfume boutiques, with their elegant and intimate atmospheres, provide a personalized experience. Knowledgeable staff members can guide you through their carefully curated selection, helping you discover scents that match your preferences and personality. They can share interesting stories about the perfumers and the inspirations behind each fragrance, adding a layer of depth to your olfactory journey.

Department stores, on the other hand, offer a vast range of fragrance options all in one place. You can explore different brands and fragrance families, from floral and fruity to woody and oriental. Take your time to stroll through the fragrance section, allowing the various scents to captivate your senses. You might stumble upon hidden gems or popular classics that have stood the test of time.

If you prefer convenience and the comfort of your own home, online fragrance retailers are a fantastic option. They provide a virtual platform where you can browse through an extensive catalog of scents. These websites often offer detailed descriptions, notes, and even customer reviews to help you make informed choices. Some retailers even offer sample sets, allowing you to try multiple fragrances before committing to a full-sized bottle.

Once you have found a fragrance that piques your interest, it’s time to sample it. There are proper techniques to follow to fully appreciate the scent. Start by spraying the fragrance on a blotter or tester strip. Allow it to dry for a few seconds, and then smell it from a distance. This initial sniff will give you a general idea of the fragrance’s overall character and the first impression it leaves.

As you become more curious about a particular scent, you can apply it to your skin to see how it reacts with your body chemistry. Your skin chemistry plays a crucial role in how a fragrance develops and evolves throughout the day. The natural oils on your skin can interact with the fragrance, altering its scent over time. It’s essential to give the fragrance some time to settle on your skin and develop its full potential.

During this settling period, you might notice different notes coming to the forefront. Fragrances are often composed of top, middle, and base notes, each revealing itself at different stages. The top notes are the initial burst of scent that you smell upon application. The middle notes emerge after a few minutes, adding depth and complexity. Finally, the base notes are the foundation of the fragrance, lingering on your skin for hours.

Don’t rush the experience and allow the fragrance to unfold its different notes throughout the day. Take note of how it evolves, how it makes you feel, and how it interacts with your mood and surroundings. Fragrances have the power to evoke memories, create ambiance, and enhance your overall well-being.

Remember that fragrances may smell different on each person due to individual skin chemistry. What smells heavenly on someone else might not have the same effect on you. Embrace this uniqueness and celebrate the personal connection you have with a fragrance. It becomes an expression of your individuality, a scented signature that sets you apart.

Choosing the Right Fragrance for You

Choosing the right fragrance is a highly personal decision. To identify your fragrance preferences, start by considering the scents that you naturally gravitate towards. Do you prefer floral, woody, or oriental fragrances? Understanding your fragrance preferences will guide you towards the scents that resonate with your personality.

When selecting a fragrance, it’s essential to consider the occasion and season. Lighter, refreshing scents are ideal for daytime or summer wear, while deeper, more intense scents are well-suited for evening or winter occasions. Adapting your fragrance choice to the season and occasion will ensure that the scent harmonizes with your overall ensemble.

An integral part of choosing the right fragrance is testing it on your skin. Fragrances react differently with each person’s body chemistry, so it’s crucial to try it on your skin before making a final decision. Apply the fragrance to your pulse points, such as your wrists and neck, and let it mingle with your body heat. This will give you a true sense of how the fragrance interacts with your skin chemistry.

Caring for Your Fragrance

Once you have found the perfect fragrance, it’s essential to know how to care for it to ensure its longevity. Proper storage is crucial to maintaining the integrity of the fragrance. Keep your fragrance in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperature changes. This will prevent the scent from deteriorating or becoming altered.

Knowing when and how to apply your fragrance is also important. Applying it after a shower, when your skin is still slightly damp, helps the fragrance to adhere better and last longer. Focus on the pulse points, as these areas emit more body heat and will enhance the scent’s projection.

To make your fragrance last longer throughout the day, consider layering it with a matching body lotion or using fragrance-free moisturizers. These products create a barrier on your skin that helps to retain the scent, prolonging its longevity.

In conclusion,

Experiencing new fragrances and picking the right one for you is a journey of discovering scents that align with your personality and enhance your overall presence. By understanding the world of fragrances, properly sampling and testing them on your skin, considering your preferences and the occasion, and caring for your fragrance, you can find your perfect olfactory companion. Embrace the art of fragrance and let your senses guide you on this aromatic adventure.